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From Idea to Product:
Special Purpose Aircraft
От замысла до воплощения:
самолеты специального
назначения
A
NTONOV has created more than 80 types and ver−
sions of special purpose aircraft on the basis of
cargo and passenger planes. They are used for a
multitude of purposes, including fight against plant
pests and fertilization in agriculture and forestry, mon−
itoring of the airspace and remote surface probing, fire
extinguishing, aerial photography, emergency medical
aid, search and rescue operations, and various mis−
sions in the frameworks of space programs.
The Antonov−32P is the firefighting version of the
Antonov−32, which is the only transport ai rcraf t
designed for airfields at altitudes over 4,000 m. This
plane can discharge eight tons of fire extinguishing liq−
uid at a time and has proven its exceptional efficiency
many times. Meanwhile, the AN−32P can be used as
comprehensive means in order to react to different
emergency situations. The aircraft can not only smoth−
er fire, but deliver rescuers and urgent cargoes to the
place of catastrophe, evacuate the injured and monitor
disaster areas.
Numerous special variants were created on the basis of
the AN−72/74 light transport. The AN−72P maritime
patrol, the AN−74MP and the AN−74TK−100C ambulance
are among them. There are also versions optimized for
the Arctic and Antarctica conditions. Few variants of the
AN−72/74 are designed for V.I.Ps.
The family of the AN−148 and AN−158 aircraft is dynam−
ically developing. The AN−148−100EM was made on
order of Ministry of Extraordinary Situations of Russia
and it foresees an opportunity to install up to 6 special−
ized medical modules that allow for the treatment of
casualties in flight. According to operator requirement
the AN−148−100EM may be converted in any of 5 ver−
sions: Passenger, Command and Control, and three dif−
ferent passenger/ ambulance configurations. The AN−
148−100EA and AN−148−300 VIP−versions provide
passengers with a high level of comfort and can deliver
them over a distance of up to 7000 km. The AN−148−
300MP advanced aviation complex of maritime patrol
and resistance is being created on the basis of the
AN−148−300.
Perhaps, the brightest of the specialized versions is the
world's biggest plane the Antonov−225 Mriya (Ukrainian
for “Dream”). This giant was designed for delivering
components of the Energiya−Buran space shuttle com−
plex to the Baikonur space range. It has successfully
performed a number of unprecedented haulage mis−
sions, which became parts of aviation history.
Î
äíèì èç ñàìûõ çàìåòíûõ íàïðàâëåíèé â äåÿ−
òåëüíîñòè «Àíòîíîâ» ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñîçäàíèå ìíî−
ãî÷èñëåííûõ ëåòàòåëüíûõ àïïàðàòîâ ñïåöè−
àëüíîãî íàçíà÷åíèÿ íà áàçå òðàíñïîðòíûõ è ïàññà−
æèðñêèõ ñàìîëåòîâ. Òàêèõ ìàøèí óæå ðàçðàáîòàíî
áîëåå 80, è ïðèìåíÿþòñÿ îíè â ñòîëü øèðîêîì äèà−
ïàçîíå ôóíêöèé, ÷òî âñå èõ äàæå òðóäíî ïåðå÷èñ−
ëèòü. Îíè èñïîëüçóþòñÿ äëÿ áîðüáû ñ âðåäèòåëÿìè â
ñåëüñêîì è ëåñíîì õîçÿéñòâàõ, ïîäêîðìêè ðàñòå−
íèé, ìîíèòîðèíãà âîçäóøíîãî ïðîñòðàíñòâà è äèñ−
òàíöèîííîãî çîíäèðîâàíèÿ çåìëè, áîðüáû ñ ïîæà−
ðàìè, àýðîôîòîñúåìêè, îêàçàíèÿ ïîìîùè áîëüíûì
è ðàíåíûì, ñïàñåíèÿ òåðïÿùèõ áåäñòâèå, ðåøåíèÿ
ðàçëè÷íûõ çàäà÷ â êîñìè÷åñêèõ ïðîãðàììàõ...
 ñîâðåìåííîì ïîêîëåíèè ñïåöèàëèçèðîâàííûõ
«Àíîâ» âèäíîå ìåñòî çàíèìàåò ïðîòèâîïîæàðíûé
Àí−32Ï, ñîçäàííûé íà áàçå Àí−32 — åäèíñòâåííîãî
â ìèðå ñàìîëåòà, êîòîðûé ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ àýðî−
äðîìîâ, ðàñïîëîæåííûõ íà âûñîòå áîëåå 4 000 ì.
Ýòà ìàøèíà, ñïîñîáíàÿ îáðóøèòü íà îãîíü ñðàçó 8 ò
îãíåãàñÿùåé æèäêîñòè, â áîðüáå ñî ñòèõèåé íå ðàç
äîêàçûâàëà ñâîþ èñêëþ÷èòåëüíóþ ýôôåêòèâíîñòü.
Ïðè ýòîì Àí−32Ï ìîæåò èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ êàê êîì−
ïëåêñíîå ñðåäñòâî ðåàãèðîâàíèÿ íà ðàçëè÷íûå ÷ðåç−
âû÷àéíûå ñèòóàöèè. Âåäü ñàìîëåò ñïîñîáåí íå òîëüêî
ãàñèòü îãîíü, íî è äîñòàâëÿòü íà ìåñòî êàòàñòðîôû
ñïàñàòåëåé è ñðî÷íûå ãðóçû, ýâàêóèðîâàòü ïîñòðàäàâ−
øèõ, âåñòè âîçäóøíûé ìîíèòîðèíã çîíû áåäñòâèÿ.
Áîëüøîå êîëè÷åñòâî ñïåöâàðèàíòîâ ñîçäàíî íà áàçå
ëåãêèõ òðàíñïîðòíûõ ñàìîëåòîâ Àí−72/74. Ñðåäè íèõ
ìîðñêèå ïàòðóëüíûå Àí−72Ï è Àí−74ÌÏ, ìåäèöèí−
ñêèé Àí−74ÒÊ−100Ñ. Åñòü è âàðèàíòû, îïòèìèçèðî−
âàííûå äëÿ ïðèìåíåíèÿ â óñëîâèÿõ Àðêòèêè è Àíòàðê−
òèêè. Íåñêîëüêî âåðñèé Àí−72/74 ïðåêðàñíî îñíàùå−
íû äëÿ ïåðåâîçêè âûñîêîïîñòàâëåííûõ ïåðñîí.
Äèíàìè÷íî ðàçâèâàåòñÿ ñåìåéñòâî Àí−148 è Àí−158. Ïî
çàêàçó Ì×Ñ Ðîññèè ñîçäàí âàðèàíò Àí−148−100ÅÌ,
â êîòîðîì ïðåäóñìîòðåíà âîçìîæíîñòü óñòàíîâêè
äî øåñòè ñïåöèàëèçèðîâàííûõ ìåäèöèíñêèõ ìîäóëåé,
îáåñïå÷èâàþùèõ îêàçàíèå â ïîëåòå ïîëíîöåííîé
ìåäèöèíñêîé ïîìîùè ïîñòðàäàâøèì. Íà áàçå
ýêñïëóàòàíòà Àí−148−100ÅÌ ìîæåò áûòü ïåðåîáîðóäîâàí
â ëþáîé èç ïÿòè âàðèàíòîâ: ïàññàæèðñêèé, øòàáíîé è òðè
ïàññàæèðñêî−ìåäèöèíñêèõ âàðèàíòà. VIP−ñàìîëåòû
Àí−148−100ÅÀ è Àí−148−300 îáåñïå÷èâàþò ïàññàæèðàì
âûñîêèé óðîâåíü êîìôîðòà è ìîãóò äîñòàâëÿòü èõ íà
äàëüíîñòü 7 000 êì. Íà îñíîâå Àí−148−300 ñîçäàåòñÿ
ïåðñïåêòèâíûé àâèàöèîííûé êîìïëåêñ ìîðñêîãî
ïàòðóëèðîâàíèÿ è ïðîòèâîäåéñòâèÿ Àí−148−300ÌÏ.
Âîçìîæíî, íàèáîëåå ÿðêèì ïðåäñòàâèòåëåì ñïåöèà−
ëèçèðîâàííûõ «Àíîâ» ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñàìûé áîëüøîé â
ìèðå ñàìîëåò Àí−225 «Ìðèÿ». Ýòîò ãèãàíò áûë ñîç−
äàí äëÿ òðàíñïîðòèðîâêè íà Áàéêîíóð êîìïîíåíòîâ
ðàêåòíî−êîñìè÷åñêîãî êîìïëåêñà «Ýíåðãèÿ−Áóðàí»
è âûïîëíèë ðÿä ïåðåâîçîê, íàâñåãäà âîøåäøèõ
â èñòîðèþ ìèðîâîé àâèàöèè.